Predecessors
Before the development of printed circuit boards, electrical and electronic circuits were wired point-to-point on a chassis. Typically, the chassis … See more

Laminates
Laminates are manufactured by curing layers of cloth or paper with thermoset resin under pressure … See more

Breakout boards
A minimal PCB for a single component, used for prototyping, is called a breakout board. The purpose of a breakout board is to "break out" the leads of a component on separate terminals so that manual connections to … See more

A basic PCB consists of a flat sheet of insulating material and a layer of copper foil, laminated to the substrate. Chemical etching divides the copper into separate conducting lines called tracks or circuit traces, pads for connections, vias to pass connections … See more

Design
Manufacturing starts from the fabrication data generated by computer aided design, and component … See more

Printed circuit boards have been used as an alternative to their typical use for electronic and biomedical engineering thanks to the versatility of their layers, especially the copper … See more

Manufacturers may not support component-level repair of printed circuit boards because of the relatively low cost to replace compared … See more